Basic Facts

Official name

Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Capital

Islāmābād

Area

796,095 sq km

307,374 sq mi

Population

147,663,430 (2002 estimate)

Population growth

Population growth rate

2.06 percent (2002 estimate)

Projected population in 2025

213,338,252 (2000 estimate)

Projected population in 2050

267,813,495 (2000 estimate)

Population density

185 persons per sq km (2002 estimate)

480 persons per sq mi (2002 estimate)

Urban/rural distribution

Share urban

37 percent (2000 estimate)

Share rural

63 percent (2000 estimate)

Largest cities, with population

Karāchi

9,269,265 (1998)

Lahore

5,063,499 (1998)

Faisalābād

1,977,246 (1998)

Rāwalpindi

1,406,214 (1998)

Hyderābād

1,151,274 (1998)

Linguistic and Ethnic groups

Punjabi

48 percent

Pashtun

13 percent

Sindhi

12 percent

Saraiki

10 percent

Urdu

8 percent

Other

9 percent

Languages

Urdu (official), English (commonly used), Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Balochi, Saraiki

Religious affiliations

Sunni Muslim

77 percent

Shia Muslim

20 percent

Christian, Hindu, and other

3 percent

Health and Education

Life expectancy

Total

61.8 years (2002 estimate)

Female

62.7 years (2002 estimate)

Male

61 years (2002 estimate)

Infant mortality rate

79 deaths per 1,000 live births (2002 estimate)

Population per physician

2,703 people (1999)

Population per hospital bed

1,535 people (1993)

Literacy rate

Total

65 percent (2001 estimate)

Female

51.5 percent (2001 estimate)

Male

77.7 percent (2001 estimate)

Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP)

2.6 percent (1998)

Number of years of compulsory schooling

Not available

Number of students per teacher, primary school

32 students per teacher (1998)

Government

Form of government

Republic

Head of state

President

Head of government

Prime minister

Legislature

Bicameral legislature

National Assembly: 217 members

Senate: 87 members

Voting qualifications

Universal at age 21

Constitution

10 April 1973; suspended 5 July 1977; restored with amendments 30 December 1985; suspended after military coup in October 1999.

Highest court

Supreme Court

Armed forces

Army, Navy, Air Force

Total number of military personnel

620,000 (2001)

Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP)

5.8 percent (2000)

First-level political divisions

Four provinces, two federally administered areas, and the Federal Capital Territory of Islāmābād

Economy

Gross domestic product (GDP, in U.S.$)

$62 billion (2000)

GDP per capita (U.S.$)

$450 (2000)

GDP by economic sector

Agriculture, forestry, fishing

26.3 percent (2000)

Industry

22.8 percent (2000)

Services

50.9 percent (2000)

Employment

Number of workers

51,724,768 (2000)

Workforce share of economic sector

Agriculture, forestry, fishing

47 percent (1999)

Industry

17 percent (1999)

Services

36 percent (1999)

Unemployment rate

5.9 percent (2000)

National budget (U.S.$)

Total revenue

$9,454 million (1999)

Total expenditure

$12,768 million (1999)

Monetary unit

1 Pakistani rupee (PRe), consisting of 100 paisa

Agriculture

Sugarcane, wheat, rice, cotton lint, corn, livestock

Mining

Petroleum, limestone, rock salt, gypsum, silica sand, natural gas, coal

Manufacturing

Textiles, food products, petroleum products, consumer goods, fertilizers, chemicals, cement

Major exports

Cotton clothing, thread, and textiles; raw cotton and rice; petroleum, leather, and fish products

Major imports

Machinery, electrical goods, petroleum products, transportation equipment, metals and metal products, fertilizer, foodstuffs

Major trade partners for exports

United States, Hong Kong S.A.R., Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, United Arab Emirates

Major trade partners for imports

United States, Japan , Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, China

Energy, Communications, and Transportation

Electricity production

Electricity from thermal sources

63.38 percent (1999 estimate)

Electricity from hydroelectric sources

36.51 percent (1999 estimate)

Electricity from nuclear sources

0.11 percent (1999 estimate)

Electricity from geothermal, solar, and wind sources

0 percent (1999 estimate)

Number of radios per 1,000 people

94 (1997)

Number of telephones per 1,000 people

22 (2000)

Number of televisions per 1,000 people

22 (1997 estimate)

Number of Internet hosts per 10,000 people

0.40 (2000)

Daily newspaper circulation per 1,000 people

21 (1995 estimate)

Number of motor vehicles per 1,000 people

8.5 (1999)

Paved road as a share of total roads

43 percent (1999)

Sources

Basic Facts and People sections

Area data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Population, population growth rate, and population projections are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base (IDB) (www.census.gov). Urban and rural population data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), FAOSTAT database (www.fao.org). Largest cities population data and political divisions data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Ethnic divisions and religion data are largely from the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook and from various country censuses and reports. Language data are largely from the Ethnologue, Languages of the World, Summer Institute of Linguistics International (www.sil.org).

Health and Education section

Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and population per hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org).

Government section

Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government Web sites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data is from Military Balance.

Economy section

Gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, GDP by economic sectors, employment, and national budget data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Monetary unit, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, exports, imports, and major trade partner information is from the latest Europa World Yearbook and various International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications.

Energy, Communication, and Transportation section

Electricity information is from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) database (www.eia.doe.gov). Radio, telephone, television, and newspaper information is from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Internet hosts, motor vehicles, and road data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org).

Note

Figures may not total 100 percent due to rounding.